Mamie Phipps Clark (1917-1983)

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Mamie Phipps Clark was an African-American social psychologist whose pioneering research shaped both psychology and social justice. Her studies on racial identity and self-esteem in children — especially the famous “doll test” — demonstrated the damaging effects of segregation.

Her work contributed to the landmark Brown v. Board of Education case and still resonates in discussions about child mental health and equality.

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